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Looking to install a package? See Ways to install NuGet packages.

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To work with NuGet, as a package consumer or creator, you can use command-line interface (CLI) tools as well as NuGet features in Visual Studio. This article briefly outlines the capabilities of the different tools, how to install them, and their comparative feature availability. To get started using NuGet to consume packages, see Install and use a package (dotnet CLI) and Install and use a package (Visual Studio). To get started creating NuGet packages, see Create and publish a NET Standard package (dotnet CLI) and Create and publish a NET Standard package (Visual Studio).

Tool DescriptionDownload
dotnet.exeCLI tool for .NET Core and .NET Standard libraries, and for any SDK-style project such as one that targets .NET Framework. Included with the .NET Core SDK and provides core NuGet features on all platforms. (Starting in Visual Studio 2017, the dotnet CLI is automatically installed with any .NET Core related workloads.).NET Core SDK
nuget.exeCLI tool for .NET Framework libraries and for any non-SDK-style project such as one that targets .NET Standard libraries. Provides all NuGet capabilities on Windows, provides most features on Mac and Linux when running under Mono.nuget.exe
Visual StudioOn Windows, the NuGet Package Manager is included with Visual Studio 2012 and later. Visual Studio provides the Package Manager UI and the Package Manager Console, through which you can run most NuGet operations.Visual Studio
Visual Studio for MacOn Mac, certain NuGet capabilities are built-in directly. Package Manager Console is not presently available. For other capabilities, use the dotnet.exe or nuget.exe CLI tools.Visual Studio for Mac
Visual Studio CodeOn Windows, Mac, or Linux, NuGet capabilities are available through marketplace extensions, or use the dotnet.exe or nuget.exe CLI tools.Visual Studio Code

The MSBuild CLI also provides the ability to restore and create packages, which is primarily useful on build servers. MSBuild is not a general-purpose tool for working with NuGet.

Package Manager Console commands work only within Visual Studio on Windows and do not work within other PowerShell environments.

Visual Studio

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Install on Visual Studio 2017 and newer

Starting in Visual Studio 2017, the installer includes the NuGet Package Manager with any workload that employs .NET. To install separately, or to verify that the Package Manager is installed, run the Visual Studio installer and check the option under Individual Components > Code tools > NuGet package manager.

Install on Visual Studio 2015 and older

NuGet Extensions for Visual Studio 2013 and 2015 can be downloaded from https://dist.nuget.org/index.html.

For Visual Studio 2010 and earlier, install the 'NuGet Package Manager for Visual Studio' extension. Note, if you can't see the extension in the first page of search results, try changing the Sort By dropdown to 'Most Downloads', or an alphabetical sort.

CLI tools

You can use either the dotnet CLI or the nuget.exe CLI to support NuGet features in the IDE. The dotnet CLI is installed with some Visual Studio workloads, such as .NET Core. The nuget.exe CLI must be installed separately as described earlier.

The two NuGet CLI tools are dotnet.exe and nuget.exe. See feature availability for a comparison.

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  • To target .NET Core or .NET Standard, use the dotnet CLI. The dotnet CLI is required for the SDK-style project format, which uses the SDK attribute.
  • To target .NET Framework (non-SDK-style project only), use the nuget.exe CLI. If the project is migrated from packages.config to PackageReference, use the dotnet CLI.

dotnet.exe CLI

The .NET Core 2.0 CLI, dotnet.exe, works on all platforms (Windows, Mac, and Linux) and provides core NuGet features such as installing, restoring, and publishing packages. dotnet provides direct integration with .NET Core project files (such as .csproj), which is helpful in most scenarios. dotnet is also built directly for each platform and does not require you to install Mono.

Installation:

  • On developer computers, install the .NET Core SDK. Starting in Visual Studio 2017, the dotnet CLI is automatically installed with any .NET Core related workloads.
  • For build servers, follow the instructions on Using .NET Core SDK and tools in Continuous Integration.

To learn how to use basic commands with the dotnet CLI, see Install and use packages using the dotnet CLI.

nuget.exe CLI

The nuget.exe CLI, nuget.exe, is the command-line utility for Windows that provides all NuGet capabilities; it can also be run on Mac OSX and Linux using Mono with some limitations.

To learn how to use basic commands with the nuget.exe CLI, see Install and use packages using the nuget.exe CLI.

Installation:

Windows

Note

NuGet.exe 5.0 and later require .NET Framework 4.7.2 or later to execute.

  1. Visit nuget.org/downloads and select NuGet 3.3 or higher (2.8.6 is not compatible with Mono). The latest version is always recommended, and 4.1.0+ is required to publish packages to nuget.org.
  2. Each download is the nuget.exe file directly. Instruct your browser to save the file to a folder of your choice. The file is not an installer; you won't see anything if you run it directly from the browser.
  3. Add the folder where you placed nuget.exe to your PATH environment variable to use the CLI tool from anywhere.

macOS/Linux

Behaviors may vary slightly by OS distribution.

  1. Install Mono 4.4.2 or later.

  2. Execute the following command at a shell prompt:

  3. Create an alias by adding the following script to the appropriate file for your OS (typically ~/.bash_aliases or ~/.bash_profile):

  4. Reload the shell. Test the installation by entering nuget with no parameters. NuGet CLI help should display.

Tip

Use nuget update -self on Windows to update an existing nuget.exe to the latest version.

Note

The latest recommended NuGet CLI is always available at https://dist.nuget.org/win-x86-commandline/latest/nuget.exe. For compatibility purposes with older continuous integration systems, a previous URL, https://nuget.org/nuget.exe currently provides the deprecated 2.8.6 CLI tool.

Feature availability

Featuredotnet CLInuget CLI (Windows)nuget CLI (Mono)Visual Studio (Windows)Visual Studio for Mac
Search packages
Install/uninstall packages✔(1)
Update packages
Restore packages✔(2)
Manage package feeds (sources)
Manage packages on a feed
Set API keys for feeds
Create packages(3)✔(4)
Publish packages
Replicate packages
Manage global-package and cache folders
Manage NuGet configuration

(1) Does not affect project files; use dotnet.exe instead.

(2) Works only with packages.config file and not with solution (.sln) files.

(3) Various advanced package features are available through the CLI only as they aren't represented in the Visual Studio UI tools.

(4) Works with .nuspec files but not with project files.

Upcoming Features

If you'd like to preview upcoming NuGet features, install a Visual Studio Preview, which works side-by-side with stable releases of Visual Studio. To report problems or share ideas for previews, open an issue on the NuGet GitHub repository.

Related topics

Developers working on Windows can also explore the NuGet Package Explorer, an open-source, stand-alone tool to visually explore, create, and edit NuGet packages. It's very helpful, for example, to make experimental changes to a package structure without rebuilding the package.

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Microsoft Comic Chat
Original author(s)Microsoft
Developer(s)David Kurlander, Microsoft Research Virtual Worlds Group
Initial releaseAugust 13, 1996; 24 years ago
Stable release
2.5 / March 1999; 22 years ago
Written inC++
Operating systemMicrosoft Windows
PlatformIBM PC
Available inMultiple languages [1]
TypeIRC clients
LicenseProprietary

Microsoft Comic Chat (later Microsoft Chat, but not to be confused with Windows Chat, or WinChat) is a graphic IRC client created by Microsoft, first released with Internet Explorer3.0 in 1996. Comic Chat was developed by Microsoft Researcher David Kurlander, with Microsoft Research's Virtual Worlds Group and later a group he managed in Microsoft's Internet Division.[2]

Overview[edit]

Comic Chat's main feature, which set it apart from other IRC clients, is that it enabled comic avatars to represent a user; this character could express a specified emotion, possibly making IRC chatting a more emotive and expressive experience. All of the comic characters and backgrounds were initially created by comic artist Jim Woodring. Later, tools became available that allowed user-created characters and backgrounds.[3]

Comic Chat started out as a research project, and a paper describing the technology was published at SIGGRAPH '96.[4] It was an experiment in automatic illustration construction and layout. The algorithms used in Comic Chat attempted to mimic some basic illustration techniques of comic artists (particularly Jim Woodring). Character placement, the choice of gestures and expressions, and word balloon construction and layout, were all chosen automatically. A widget called the 'emotion wheel' allowed users to override the program's choice of expression.

Although Comic Chat could be used in text-based chat rooms as well, it added a code at the beginning of every message to communicate the character's expression to other chat clients. This had a somewhat annoying effect on non-Comic Chat users (although it could be disabled).

Comic Chat was released with the full downloads of Internet Explorer3, 4, and 5, as well as in the Windows 98 and Windows 2000 distributions. It also became the official chat client of MSN. It was localized into 24 different languages. Although the program can still be downloaded and still works with most IRC servers, it is infrequently used today because MSN decided to get out of the chat business, and turned off its servers.[2]

In December 1996, The Microsoft Network introduced a show-based format, in which high quality multimedia content was produced around several themes. MSN's MotorWeb was built around an automobile theme. MSN entered into a partnership with NPR’s CarTalk, and each day featured a new online Car Talk caller from the popular NPR radio duo of 'Click and Clack' (Tom and Ray Magliozzi).[5]

Created and produced at MSN by Mike Klozar, the 'Chat Show,' as it was called, was an innovative combination of on-demand streaming audio, text (as cartoon bubbles) and comic strip characters all synchronized to display an animated cartoon comic strip created dynamically from the text input. An example of the show can be found at David Kurlander's project site, under [MSN CarTalk Comic Chat Show].[5]

Each episode depicted a caller (as a black and white default character) and color caricatures of Tom & Ray interacting in a unique closed visual chat. The visuals were generated dynamically by the Comic Chat client (already residing on the PC), given a timed, textual transcript of the show. This allowed an online comic strip to draw in exact timing with the audio/dialogue that was streamed via Real Audio (14.4 modems were the norm at this time). The show ran for one year. MSN moved away from the 'show' format the following year, and CarTalk signed a contract with Cars.com. The online chat show ended at that time.

Microsoft Comic Chat installed a custom font, Comic Sans MS, that users could use in other applications and documents. In 1996 it was bundled with several other fonts in Microsoft's Core Fonts for the Web project and subsequent versions of Microsoft Windows, leading to its notoriety among the digerati.

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It was renamed as Microsoft Chat 2.0, and was bundled with Internet Explorer along with the then new Outlook Express, in the late 1990s.[6] Version 2.5 bundled with Internet Explorer 5[7] was the last update.

Microsoft Comic Chat has been removed with Internet Explorer 6.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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  1. ^'Multi-Language Download Page for Microsoft Comic Chat 2.5'. Mermaid Elizabeth's Microsoft Comic Chat Resources. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  2. ^ abComic Chat - Resources
  3. ^Download Page for Microsoft Comic Chat 2.5 Character Editor
  4. ^Comic Chat (Reprinted from SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings)
  5. ^ abhttp://kurlander.net/DJ/Videos/CarTalkComicChatVideo.shtml
  6. ^PC Pro: Focus: Broadband: Product Reviews: Internet Explorer 4Archived 2005-03-21 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^Paul Thurrott's SuperSite for Windows: Internet Explorer 5 ReviewedArchived 2000-08-16 at the Wayback Machine

External links[edit]

Ms Project Client For Mac Client

  • 'Microsoft Chat'. Microsoft (Archive)
  • [1] David Kurlander's MSN Chat Show

Ms Project Client For Mac

Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft_Comic_Chat&oldid=1001393479'